Mass in the forest for the Podkowa squad
II wojny światowej
Topólcza
Topólcza – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie lubelskim , w powiecie zamojskim , w gminie Zwierzyniec .
A village in the administrative district of Gmina Zwierzyniec , within Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship
The parish and village of my grandmother's birth in 1894.
I have memories of my grandmother packing LARGE boxes "for Poland" in the early 60's. She filled them with clothing, while stuffing the socks with money. A close friend, Mr. Nolan, would later drive her and the boxes to the post office in Morristown, N.J.
I have little doubt that the postmark on those boxes read: 'Topolcza'. At the time I had no idea of the suffering the people, of this far away village, had endured.
Years later, my mother told me her aunt had witnessed
her husband's murder. He had been shot, by the Germans, in the woods behind their farm house during WWII.
This page is dedicated to my un-named grand aunt and uncle.
Topólcza parish includes the rustic villages of Topólcza , Turzyniec and Wywłoczka
"...After the September campaign when "Zamoyskie" was occupied by Russia, it was the one of the first places where under ground forces were formed. Fighting there lasted long after the war - untill the mid 1950s.
In the area of Topolcza- there was command centre of the "Podkowa" squad, the famous leader of second battalion of Oddzialy Partyzanckie 9 regiment of infantry.
On November 18, 1942, German gendarmerie shot three Jews. On Mach 3rd, 1943, the Germans killed 6 people from the Panas family; On May 10th, another 11 people, including two citizens of the village.
In June of 1943, in Topolcza, partisans killed the German informer Leon Niechaj who was from Błonie. On Dec. 10, in Topólcza, squads of gestapo and SS-responded to the partisan attacks on German colonists in Źrebce- 9 prisoners brought from Zamosc.
Some of Topólcza's citizens were taken for forced labor to Germany, others were taken to concentration camps.
Mar. 10, 1944, two partisans from the squad of "Podkowa" fought against two Russian liberation army who were robbing in Topólcza. One RLA member was killed. In March that year, a mine exploded on the road, killing one and hurting eye of other man.
People were threatened not only by Germans. A lot of bad things happend because of gangs , especially in 1942/43. People feared sleeping in their houses (especially in Topólcza), they slept in forests, haystacks etc.
Because of fear, people never informed police or gendarmerie about therobberies. In Feb of 1943, bandits attacked a wealthy farmer Józef Świstek. He was beaten so hard and was in such a bad state, the family had to drive him to hospital in Szczebrzeszyn. Another citizen of the village Władysław Małysz, after being attacked and his household burned, moved to Szczebrzeszyn.
Major victim of the gangs was teacher Piotr Wachowicz, between June 1942 and end of January of 1943 he was robbed 84 times, and robbers broke through the floor in search of valuables (my-interjection--maybe in search for proof of underground actions?).
After that people asked the underground to cease. In June of 1943 companies of "Norbert", "Podkowa" and "Kompania Warszawska" removed bandits from forrests near Topólcza. Another case are moral choices of people during occupation,especially when the war was coming to an end. In Jan of 1945, two people running from the army from Bialka died. On of them it is said had a couple of thousand zloty and some boys from Topolcza robbed them and killed them. On April
5th, , "Polish" soldiers were driving from Zwierzyniec to Kaweczyn to pick up supplies. Underground forces, thinking that they were attack forces, shot at them killing three.
War losses in gmina Zwierzyniec in which Topólcza, Turzyniec i Wywłocza lies, are counted as 40%. The first police command in Zwierzyniec was Roman Lipiec from Topólcza..." (1)
Pacyfikacji Zamojszczyzny
"...The first actions of the Germans against the population of the Zamość region began at night from
November 27-28, 1942. The displaced Poles were allowed only to take personal luggage, not exceeding 30kg and 20 złoty. Familes were separated. The children were taken from their parents, except for infants under 6 months who were left with their mothers. Many people who refused to leave thier homes were killed. The displaced persons were sent to camps in Zwierzyniec and Zamość.
Some of the Nordic race characters were directed to a special camp in Lodz, where they were subjected to a scam. Others, able to work, were sent to the Reich as forced laborers. Persons over the age of 60, unable to work, and children up to the age of 14...were sent to special villages in the districts of Garwolin, Siedlce, Misńsk and Sopot. Many of them did not withstand the transport and died of exhaustion. Nearly 1/5 of Zamość's inhabitants were found in concentration camps, mainly in Auschwitz-Birkenau and Majdanek.
The second phase of displacement and pacification campaign lasted from June to August 1943. The Germans had intended to pacify nearly 700 villages. Thanks to resistance from inhabitants and organizations of Underground Poland, mainly peasant battalions, the Nazis were able to only evacuate the populations from 293 towns..."
IMAGES
https://www.google.com/search?q=pacyfikacji+Zamojszczyzny&espv=2&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3y6Drpa7TAhXH5CYKHTJSDbIQsAQIQA&biw=911&bih=393
http://www.martyrologiawsipolskich.pl/dokumenty/zalaczniki/31/31-8957.jpg
YOU TUBE
Powstanie Zamojskie Wielki plan cz 1 2006 DVBRip
Powstanie Zamojskie Nie dali ziemi cz 2 2006 DVBRip
Powstanie Zamojskie Kryptonim Wilkolak cz 3 2006 DVBRip
Published on Sep 26, 2015.
A three part story about guerrilla skirmishes with Germans,1942-1944 by the Poles in the Zamość and Tomaszów powiats. The Nazis deported these inhabitants from their local villages and brought them into their lands. Such a fate was met by nearly 150 villages. Tens of thousands of peasants were sent to extermination camps. The battalions of the Peasant Batt-alions and the Home Army were fighting to defend the displaced.The biggest battles were fought on 1 February 1943 under Zaboreczne, 2 February under Róża and 4 February at Lasowców.
The first episode tells about the deportations in the Zamość region.
*Powstanie Zamojskie cz 1 Wielki plan youtube
Published on Sep 26, 2015 The "Werewolf" cryptogram received partisan battles fought with Germans in 1942-1944. The authors of the program follow in the footsteps of the crimes committed by Germans in the Zamość region, irritated by the failure of the resettlement plans. 1943 brought pacification of entire communities, the destruction of villages. An additional elementis the use of anti-Poles by the Ukrainian police and silent acquiescence of neighborly crime. Category People & Blogs License Standard YouTube License Music "Darkside 1" by Carlo Maria Cordio Listen ad-free with YouTube Red
*Powstanie Zamojskie cz 2 Kryptonim Wilkolak
Representatives present fate of the units of the Home Army operating in Zamość from January 1944 - the date of crossing the eastern border of the Republic by the Soviets- until January 1945. Since 1942, units of the Polish Underground and the Peasant Battalions made an active resistance to German units and formed by Ukrainian nationalists UPA fighters. Thiswas AK's response to the large-scale expulsion of civilians in those areas and the intensification of repression.
Category People & Blogs License Standard YouTube License Music "Infernal
Tournament" by Nélio Listen ad-free with YouTube Red
* Powstanie Zamojskie cz 3 1944
BOOK and BLOG regarding this area during WWII
Zygmunt Klukowski, Zamojszczyzna 1918-1943, KARTA, Warsaw 2007, Vol I, pp 353-356 -Pacification of Szczebrzeszyn (local municipality) and its environs.
Brzoza i głaz- Alfred Budzyński -born 1935 in the nieghboring village of Turzyniec. Alfred gives a harrowing first hand account of the times and troubles in the Zamość region durring WWII.
Turzyniec is actually my ancestral village. It is where my grandmother's father- Wojciech and his father- Jan Panuciak were both born.
http://okupowanamlodosc-animator.blogspot.com/2012/05/brzoza-i-gaz.html
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PARISH HISTORY
At Topólcza there was originally an Orthodox parish belonging to the Chełm diocese. In 1596, this orthodox church becamethe unicam (Greek Catholic Church) of the Nativity of the Mother of God.
After the January Uprising in 1864, when the Russification of Russia intensified in the Kingdom of Poland, Tsar AlexanderII Romanov liquidated the Union, forcing the Greek Catholics in 1875 to convert to Orthodoxy... In 1906, Vladimir Galikowski, an Orthodox priest in Topólcza, began efforts to build a brick church...
As a result of WWI, the number of orthodox populations in the area was considerably reduced. By the end of June 1915, the last Orthodox clergyman, with most of his faithful, had left. The Austrian army were in the depths of Russia, In 1917 the Austrians handed over the church to the Catholic Church.
On April 5, 1919, Lublin bishop Marian Leon Fulman erected a Roman Catholic parish in Topólczy, nominating her pastorFr. John Makulca. In May tr. So called. Reconciliation of the temple ( liturgical rite restoring sacred character to devastated or defiled temples, etc.), made by Dean from Szczebrzeszyn. (2)
1772-1809 the parish was part of the Austrian Partition
MAP GMINA Zwierzyniec
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Gmina+Zwierzyniec,+Poland/@50.5944106,22.8518808,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x472345bebfe334b5:0xe0c3a3d138f5521f!8m2!3d50.6230144!4d22.9928084
EXTANT RECORDS
Www.topolcza.zamojskolubaczowska.pl
Topólcza
Greek Catholic voucher 1858-1866, 1869
Greek Catholic marriage 1811-1818, 1826-1855, 1857, 1870-1873
Greek Catholic marriage 1858-1869
Greek Catholic birth 1811-1818, 1826-1855, 1857, 1870-1873
Greek Catholic birth 1858-1869
Greek Catholic deaths 1811-1818, 1826-1855, 1857, 1870-1873
Greek Catholic deaths 1858-1869
Szczebrzeszyn
Greek Catholic marriages 1811-1812, 1816-1874
Szczebrzeszyn
Greek Catholic birth 1718-1738, 1753-1758,
There are three cemeteries in the parish of Topólcza: the Uniate (early 19th century), the Orthodox (the second half of the 19th century) and the Catholic (early 20th century), where valuable gravestones are located. Ks. Roman Koziewicz (died 1834) and Modest Laurysiewicz (died 1889), the last plenipotent hr. Tomasz Zamoyski.
Topólcza 21, 22-470 Zwierzyniec
Tel. 84 687 29 05
BMDs AVAILABLE ONLINE
Search engine of regional database of indexes and metrics USC
http://lubgens.eu/portal.php
http://regestry.lubgens.eu/viewpage.php?page_id=1052&par=366a
Archwum Państwowe z Zamościu
22-400 Zamość, ul. Hrubieszowska 69A
tel. (84) 638-93-82
fax 639-23-35
email ;archiwum@zamosc.ap.gov.pl
RECORDS
Zespól:72 Akta gminy Zwierzyniec
1901-1951
Gmina: Zwierzyniec
Księgi ludności stałej, rejestr osób przybyłych i opuszcz
Book of the populace, regestry of people coming and going.
Zespól:72 Akta gminy Zwierzyniec/ sygnatura:299- Topólcza/sygn:300-Turzyniec
1932
wieś
Skorowidz do rejestru mieszańćow
Index to regester of residents (by villages)
Zespól:72 Akta gminy Zwierzyniec/ sygnatura:287- Topólcza
1932
wieś
Rejestr mieszkańcow
Regester of residents
Zespól: 1271 Gminna Spóldzielna "Samopomoc Chlopska" w Zwierzyńcu/spis poz. 51-Topólcza
1271/48 1948-1950-wieś: Turzyniec
1945-6
wieś
Rejestr członków gromadzki
Members of the district
1) Tranlation by Feliks Grabowski taken from 'Historia Parafii Rzymskokatolickiej Topólczy 191-2005 pp28-9, Jarosław Poznański. A special thanks to 'Maggie' for sending me this book for my birthday!
2) Auto translation from http://www.zamosc.opoka.org.pl/mapa/szczeb/9.htm
http://apolishamericantimetraveler.blogspot.com
© 2017 NRCelleri
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